{"id":26977,"date":"2011-04-21T22:37:22","date_gmt":"2011-04-22T03:37:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/estrategica.com.co\/blog\/?p=26977"},"modified":"2014-03-07T17:06:39","modified_gmt":"2014-03-07T22:06:39","slug":"26977","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/estrategica.com.co\/blog\/26977\/","title":{"rendered":"Liderazgo para los 60\u00b4s &#8211; Kennedy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/estrategica.com.co\/blog\/afiches\/26977\/26977.html\/attachment\/kenned-2\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-26978\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"26978\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/estrategica.com.co\/blog\/26977\/kenned-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/estrategica.com.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/04\/kenned.jpg?fit=175%2C233&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"175,233\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"kenned\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/estrategica.com.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/04\/kenned.jpg?fit=175%2C233&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/estrategica.com.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/04\/kenned.jpg?fit=175%2C233&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-26978\" title=\"kenned\" alt=\"kenned\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/estrategica.com.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/04\/kenned.jpg?resize=175%2C233\" width=\"175\" height=\"233\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>La campa\u00f1a de 1960 se desenvolvi\u00f3 en relativa calma. La guerra fr\u00eda era el contexto en el que se mov\u00edan los intereses del norteamericano promedio y el miedo al comunismo estaba latente en la controversia p\u00fablica. En el marco de ese esp\u00edritu se interpretaban la lucha por los derechos civiles y la pol\u00edtica internacional. Hechos como el ascenso de Fidel Castro en cuba y el creciente poder\u00edo militar ruso eran los temas que marcaban la agenda de discusi\u00f3n p\u00fablica. Los dem\u00f3cratas eligieron como candidato al carism\u00e1tico senador de Massachussets John F. Kennedy, un joven de 43 a\u00f1os, cat\u00f3lico. Su adversario republicano era Richard Nixon, un experimentado pol\u00edtico que trat\u00f3 demarcar su experiencia en el manejo internacional y su bagaje para negociar exitosamente con los comunistas. El slogan de la campa\u00f1a dem\u00f3crata era \u201cKennedy: liderazgo para los \u201960s\u201d. La televisi\u00f3n fue el campo de batalla de la confrontaci\u00f3n pol\u00edtica. La campa\u00f1a de Kennedy produjo cerca de 200 spot, con muchos mensajes, muchas est\u00e9ticas y gran desorden comunicativo. En la mayor\u00eda de ellos se aprovecha la juventud y las habilidades discursivas de Kennedy para mostrarlo en sus intervenciones, pero tambi\u00e9n aprovecharon a su hermosa esposa Jackie Kennedy y a algunas celebridades como Harry Belafonte. Es importante resaltar tambi\u00e9n el spot que se hizo en espa\u00f1ol para persuadir al electorado latino. Dos fueron los anuncios que marcaron la diferencia con Nixon, el primero, en el Houston Ministerial Association, hacia referencia a sus creencias cat\u00f3licas y al desempe\u00f1o como Presidente de los Estados Unidos. En esta pieza defendi\u00f3 la separaci\u00f3n entre iglesia y estado y se mostr\u00f3 abanderado de la tolerancia religiosa en una sociedad democr\u00e1tica. El segundo y m\u00e1s importante acontecimiento fue el debate televisivo realizado el 26 de septiembre de 1960. en esta pieza Kennedy apareci\u00f3 bronceado, cercano y vigoroso. Nixon, en cambio, no uso maquillaje y se ve\u00eda agotado y cansado. El debate tuvo una audiencia de m\u00e1s o menos 75 millones de televidentes, para no hablar de los 15 millones de radioescuchas. Los televidentes dieron como ganador a Kennedy y los radioyentes a Nixon. La \u00e9poca de la imagen se abr\u00eda paso. El spot que vemos tiene el siguiente gui\u00f3n en ingles: MUJER: You would be divided between two loyalties, to your church and your state, if you were to be elected President? KENNEDY: The question is whether I think that, if I were elected President, I would be divided between two loyalties: my church and my state. Let me just say that I would not. I have sworn to uphold the Constitution, in the fourteen years I&#8217;ve been in Congress, in the years I was in the service. The Constitution provides in the First Amendment that Congress shall make no laws abridging the freedom of religion. I must say I believe in it; I think it&#8217;s the only way that this country can go ahead. Many countries do not believe in it. Many countries have unity between church and state &#8211; I would be completely opposed to it. And I say that whether I&#8217;m elected President, or whether I continue as a Senator, or whether I&#8217;m a citizen. That is my view based on a long experience. So in answer to your question, I would fulfill my oath of office, as I have done for fourteen years in the Congress. There is no article of my faith that would in any way inhibit &#8211; I think it encourages &#8211; the meeting of my oath of office. And whether you vote for me or not because of my competence to be President, I am sure that no one believes that I&#8217;d be a candidate for the Presidency if I didn&#8217;t think I could meet my oath of office. Secondly, Article 6 of the Constitution says there shall be no religious test for office. That&#8217;s what was written in the Constitution: Jefferson, Washington, and all the rest. They said every American will have an opportunity. Now you cannot tell me that the day I was born it was said I could never run for President because I wouldn&#8217;t meet my oath of office. I would not have come here if I didn&#8217;t feel that I was going to get the complete opportunity to run for office as a fellow American in this state. I would not run for it if in any way I didn&#8217;t feel that I could do the job. I come here today saying that I think that this is an issue&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La campa\u00f1a de 1960 se desenvolvi\u00f3 en relativa calma. La guerra fr\u00eda era el contexto en el que se mov\u00edan los intereses del norteamericano promedio y el miedo al comunismo estaba latente en la controversia p\u00fablica. En el marco de ese esp\u00edritu se interpretaban la lucha por los derechos civiles y la pol\u00edtica internacional. Hechos [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":26978,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[855,5,263,57,64,46,10,11],"tags":[464,463,121],"class_list":["post-26977","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-855","category-afiches","category-ano","category-campana-presidencial","category-estados-unidos","category-fotograficos","category-geo","category-temas","tag-elecciones-1960","tag-john-f-kennedy","tag-partido-democrata"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/estrategica.com.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/04\/kenned.jpg?fit=175%2C233&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/s4wgsh-26977","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":9881,"url":"https:\/\/estrategica.com.co\/blog\/la-familia-sills-kennedy\/","url_meta":{"origin":26977,"position":0},"title":"La Familia Sills &#8211; Kennedy","author":"Juliana","date":"abril 24, 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"[hana-flv-player video=\"\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/01\/SillsFamily60.flv\" width=\"550\" height=\"\" description=\"La Familia Sills - Kennedy\" clickurl=\"\" clicktarget=\"\" player=\"4\" autoplay=\"false\" loop=\"false\" autorewind=\"true\" splashimage=\"\" skin=\"\" \/] [icon color=\"Accent-Color\" size=\"regular\" image=\"steadysets-icon-chat\"] Contexto La campa\u00f1a de 1960 se desenvolvi\u00f3 en relativa calma. 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